91. Which of the following does not cause air pollution when used for heating purposes?
Coal
Petrol
Kerosene
Solar energy
Answer.4. Solar energy
Explanation:
No air or water pollution is given off when solar panels are used for energy production. Solar energy is an alternative to fossil fuels as it is a non-polluting, clean, reliable, and renewable source of energy.
92. A pH of rainwater is
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
Answer.1. 5-6
Explanation:
Normal, clean rain has a pH value of between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when rain combines with sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides—produced from power plants and automobiles—the rain becomes much more acidic. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0.
93. A poisonous gas given out of vehicles exhaust is
Carbon monoxide
Ethane
Methane
Carbon dioxide
Answer.1. Carbon monoxide
Explanation:
Vehicle exhaust fumes can irritate the eyes and respiratory tract and are a risk to health by breathing in. Carbon-fuelled engine fumes contain carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas.
94. A common bactericide used in swimming pools is
Chlorine
Alum
Borax
DDT
Answer.1. Chlorine
Explanation:
A common bactericide used in swimming pools is Chlorine.
Chlorine-based disinfectants are among the most frequently applied disinfectants and oxidizers for swimming pool treatment. Chlorine is usually added as hypochlorous acid (HOCl) or hypochlorite (OCl-). Chlorine kills pathogenic microorganisms that are present in the water.
95. Greenhouse effect is linked to
Nitrogen oxides
Sulfur dioxides
Carbon dioxides
Carbon monoxides
Answer.3. Carbon dioxides
Explanation:
The greenhouse effect is a warming of Earth’s surface and troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) caused by the presence of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and certain other gases in the air. Of those gases, known as greenhouse gases, water vapor has the largest effect.
96. Disposable glasses and plates are made up of
PVC
Polystyrene
Polyvinyl alcohol
Polypropylene
Answer.4. Polypropylene
Explanation:
Polypropylene is a synthetic resin built up by the polymerization of propylene. Disposable cups are mainly used for food items and are made out of polypropylene or polystyrene sheets.
97. Aerosols consist of solid particles produced by combustion
Fog
Smog
Smoke
None of these
Answer.2. Smog
Explanation:
Aerosols consist of solid particles produced by the combustion of smog. Aerosols are extremely small solid particles, or very small liquid droplets, suspended in the atmosphere.
98. Which of the following are consequences of ozone depletion?
Skin cancer and cataract
Reduced growth in plants
Shortening of zooplanktons and their breeding period
All of the above
Answer.4. All of the above
Explanation:
Ozone layer depletion causes increased UV radiation levels at the Earth’s surface, which is damaging to human health. Negative effects include increases in certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts, Reduced growth in plants, Shortening of zooplankton, and immune deficiency disorders.
99. Which out of the following is a measure to control air pollution?
Reduction in use of fossil fuels
Increasing use of renewable energy resources
Using catalytic converters in vehicles
All of the above
Answer.4. All of the above
Explanation:
Best Ways to Reduce Air Pollution
Using public transports
Turn off the lights when not in use
Reduction in use of fossil fuels
Recycle and Reuse
No to plastic bags
Reduction of forest fires and smoking
Use of fans instead of Air Conditioner
Use filters for chimneys
Using catalytic converters in vehicles
Increasing use of renewable energy resources
100. The discharge of warm/hot water directly into rivers is known as
Water pollution
Thermal pollution
Marine pollution
None of the above
Answer.2. Thermal pollution
Explanation:
Thermal pollution: The discharge of heated liquid (such as wastewater from a factory) into natural waters at a temperature harmful to the environment.
The effects of thermal pollution include decreasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, which aquatic life requires, damage to larvae and eggs of fish in rivers, killing off some species of fish and macroinvertebrates that have limited tolerance for temperature change
101. The Yellowing of the Taj Mahal is an effect of
Acid rain
Global warming
Ozone depletion
All of the above
Answer.1. Acid rain
Explanation:
The Yellowing of the Taj Mahal is an effect of Acid rain
The gas causing the yellowing of the Taj Mahal is Sulphur dioxide. When Sulphur in the chimneys of factories reacts with atmospheric oxygen, it forms Sulphur dioxide and escapes into the atmosphere. It reacts with the water molecules present in the atmosphere forming sulfurous acid and sulphuric acid.
102. Identify the aftermaths of acid rain from the following
Dissolving and washing away nutrients from the soil
Increasing the acidity of soils, thereby hindering the growth of plants
Damaging the building materials/ heritage sites
All of the above
Answer.4. All of the above
Explanation:
Acid rain affects the freshwater ponds and lakes and destroys aquatic life, as some species of fish are rare and may be extinct.
It can damage historical monuments and buildings. The buildings can be found with sulphuric acid.
A major consequence of more acidic water is its retention of aluminum, which can poison forests.
Soil can be affected by acid rain and can lead to the deaths of good microbes. By depriving the soil of the essential nutrient and calcium, acidic rain makes it harder for plants to absorb water from the soil.
It can affect the trees, particularly those that are at high altitudes.
103. An increase in the concentration of toxic levels in each trophic level is referred to as
Eutrophication
Biomagnification
Bioaccumulation
Bioconcentration
Answer.2. Biomagnification
Explanation:
Biomagnification is the process by which toxic chemicals build up within animals. This typically occurs across an entire food chain and affects all of the organisms but animals higher up in the chain are more impacted.
Biomagnification happens when toxic chemicals, like DDT, whose remains in the environment are consumed indirectly by organisms through food. When an organism in the higher food chain consumes the lower organism containing such chemicals, the chemicals can get accumulated in the higher organism.
104. Pollutants that are easily manageable and decomposable in nature are called
Biodegradable pollutants
Non-biodegradable pollutants
Renewable pollutants
None of these
Answer.1. Biodegradable pollutants
Explanation:
Biodegradable pollutants are the waste emerging from a household that can be decomposed by microorganisms. These substances can be easily decomposed by naturally occurring agents such as oxygen, water, ultraviolet rays, microbes, acid rains, etc.
105. The supersonic jets cause air pollution by the thinning of
Carbon dioxide layer
Sulfur dioxide layer
Ozone layer
Oxygen layer
Answer.3. Ozone layer
Explanation:
Most high-level supersonic aircraft produce harmful pollutants in the stratosphere. This leads to the thinning of the ozone layer.
Note:- All commercial flights are confined to the troposphere, but high-level supersonic aircraft inject pollutants into the stratosphere, which leads to the thinning of the ozone layer.