Environmental Science MCQ || Environmental Science solved Questions and Answers

91. Which of the following does not cause air pollution when used for heating purposes?

  1. Coal
  2. Petrol
  3. Kerosene
  4. Solar energy

Answer.4. Solar energy

Explanation:

No air or water pollution is given off when solar panels are used for energy production. Solar energy is an alternative to fossil fuels as it is a non-polluting, clean, reliable, and renewable source of energy.

 

92. A pH of rainwater is

  1. 5-6
  2. 6-7
  3. 7-8
  4. 8-9

Answer.1. 5-6

Explanation:

Normal, clean rain has a pH value of between 5.0 and 5.5, which is slightly acidic. However, when rain combines with sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides—produced from power plants and automobiles—the rain becomes much more acidic. Typical acid rain has a pH value of 4.0.

 

93. A poisonous gas given out of vehicles exhaust is

  1. Carbon monoxide
  2. Ethane
  3. Methane
  4. Carbon dioxide

Answer.1. Carbon monoxide

Explanation:

Vehicle exhaust fumes can irritate the eyes and respiratory tract and are a risk to health by breathing in. Carbon-fuelled engine fumes contain carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas.

 

94. A common bactericide used in swimming pools is

  1. Chlorine
  2. Alum
  3. Borax
  4. DDT

Answer.1. Chlorine

Explanation:

A common bactericide used in swimming pools is Chlorine.

Chlorine-based disinfectants are among the most frequently applied disinfectants and oxidizers for swimming pool treatment. Chlorine is usually added as hypochlorous acid (HOCl) or hypochlorite (OCl-). Chlorine kills pathogenic microorganisms that are present in the water.

 

95. Greenhouse effect is linked to

  1. Nitrogen oxides
  2. Sulfur dioxides
  3. Carbon dioxides
  4. Carbon monoxides

Answer.3. Carbon dioxides

Explanation:

The greenhouse effect is a warming of Earth’s surface and troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) caused by the presence of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and certain other gases in the air. Of those gases, known as greenhouse gases, water vapor has the largest effect.

 

96. Disposable glasses and plates are made up of

  1. PVC
  2. Polystyrene
  3. Polyvinyl alcohol
  4. Polypropylene

Answer.4. Polypropylene

Explanation:

Polypropylene is a synthetic resin built up by the polymerization of propylene. Disposable cups are mainly used for food items and are made out of polypropylene or polystyrene sheets.

 

97. Aerosols consist of solid particles produced by combustion

  1. Fog
  2. Smog
  3. Smoke
  4. None of these

Answer.2. Smog

Explanation:

Aerosols consist of solid particles produced by the combustion of smog. Aerosols are extremely small solid particles, or very small liquid droplets, suspended in the atmosphere.

 

98. Which of the following are consequences of ozone depletion?

  1. Skin cancer and cataract
  2. Reduced growth in plants
  3. Shortening of zooplanktons and their breeding period
  4. All of the above

Answer.4. All of the above

Explanation:

Ozone layer depletion causes increased UV radiation levels at the Earth’s surface, which is damaging to human health. Negative effects include increases in certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts, Reduced growth in plants, Shortening of zooplankton, and immune deficiency disorders.

 

99. Which out of the following is a measure to control air pollution?

  1. Reduction in use of fossil fuels
  2. Increasing use of renewable energy resources
  3. Using catalytic converters in vehicles
  4. All of the above

Answer.4. All of the above

Explanation:

Best Ways to Reduce Air Pollution
  1. Using public transports
  2. Turn off the lights when not in use
  3. Reduction in use of fossil fuels
  4. Recycle and Reuse
  5. No to plastic bags
  6. Reduction of forest fires and smoking
  7. Use of fans instead of Air Conditioner
  8. Use filters for chimneys
  9. Using catalytic converters in vehicles
  10. Increasing use of renewable energy resources

 

100. The discharge of warm/hot water directly into rivers is known as

  1. Water pollution
  2. Thermal pollution
  3. Marine pollution
  4. None of the above

Answer.2. Thermal pollution

Explanation:

Thermal pollution: The discharge of heated liquid (such as wastewater from a factory) into natural waters at a temperature harmful to the environment.

The effects of thermal pollution include decreasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, which aquatic life requires, damage to larvae and eggs of fish in rivers, killing off some species of fish and macroinvertebrates that have limited tolerance for temperature change

 

101. The Yellowing of the Taj Mahal is an effect of

  1. Acid rain
  2. Global warming
  3. Ozone depletion
  4. All of the above

Answer.1. Acid rain

Explanation:

The Yellowing of the Taj Mahal is an effect of Acid rain

The gas causing the yellowing of the Taj Mahal is Sulphur dioxide. When Sulphur in the chimneys of factories reacts with atmospheric oxygen, it forms Sulphur dioxide and escapes into the atmosphere. It reacts with the water molecules present in the atmosphere forming sulfurous acid and sulphuric acid.

 

102. Identify the aftermaths of acid rain from the following

  1. Dissolving and washing away nutrients from the soil
  2. Increasing the acidity of soils, thereby hindering the growth of plants
  3. Damaging the building materials/ heritage sites
  4. All of the above

Answer.4. All of the above

Explanation:

  • Acid rain affects the freshwater ponds and lakes and destroys aquatic life, as some species of fish are rare and may be extinct.
  • It can damage historical monuments and buildings. The buildings can be found with sulphuric acid.
  • A major consequence of more acidic water is its retention of aluminum, which can poison forests.
  • Soil can be affected by acid rain and can lead to the deaths of good microbes. By depriving the soil of the essential nutrient and calcium, acidic rain makes it harder for plants to absorb water from the soil.
  • It can affect the trees, particularly those that are at high altitudes.

 

103. An increase in the concentration of toxic levels in each trophic level is referred to as

  1. Eutrophication
  2. Biomagnification
  3. Bioaccumulation
  4. Bioconcentration

Answer.2. Biomagnification

Explanation:

Biomagnification is the process by which toxic chemicals build up within animals. This typically occurs across an entire food chain and affects all of the organisms but animals higher up in the chain are more impacted.

Biomagnification happens when toxic chemicals, like DDT, whose remains in the environment are consumed indirectly by organisms through food. When an organism in the higher food chain consumes the lower organism containing such chemicals, the chemicals can get accumulated in the higher organism.

 

104. Pollutants that are easily manageable and decomposable in nature are called

  1. Biodegradable pollutants
  2. Non-biodegradable pollutants
  3. Renewable pollutants
  4. None of these

Answer.1. Biodegradable pollutants

Explanation:

Biodegradable pollutants are the waste emerging from a household that can be decomposed by microorganisms. These substances can be easily decomposed by naturally occurring agents such as oxygen, water, ultraviolet rays, microbes, acid rains, etc.

 

105. The supersonic jets cause air pollution by the thinning of

  1. Carbon dioxide layer
  2. Sulfur dioxide layer
  3. Ozone layer
  4. Oxygen layer

Answer.3. Ozone layer

Explanation:

Most high-level supersonic aircraft produce harmful pollutants in the stratosphere. This leads to the thinning of the ozone layer.

Note:- All commercial flights are confined to the troposphere, but high-level supersonic aircraft inject pollutants into the stratosphere, which leads to the thinning of the ozone layer.

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