121. The two major impacts expected as a result of rising global temperatures are
Higher water levels in lakes and streams but more consistent flooding patterns
Regional climatic changes and a rise in sea level
Longer summers and drier winters
Low water levels in lakes and streams and larger floodplains.
Answer.2. Regional climatic changes and a rise in sea level
Explanation:
There are three major ways in which global warming will make changes to regional climate: melting ice, changing the hydrological cycle (of evaporation and precipitation) and changing currents in the oceans.
Global warming is causing the global mean sea level to rise in two ways. First, glaciers and ice sheets worldwide are melting and adding water to the ocean. Second, the volume of the ocean is expanding as the water warms.
122. How are humans making greenhouse gases of our own?
Burning fossil fuels
Burning forests
With large scale agriculture
All of these
Answer.1. Burning fossil fuels
Explanation:
Humans are increasingly influencing the climate and the earth’s temperature by burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests and farming livestock. This adds enormous amounts of greenhouse gases to those naturally occurring in the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect and global warming.
123. The solar radiation that bounces off the earth back towards the atmosphere is mostly
Gamma radiation
X-ray radiation
Ultraviolet radiation
Infrared radiation
Answer.4. Infrared radiation
Explanation:
Reflection occurs when incoming solar radiation (Infrared radiation) bounces back from an object or surface that it strikes in the atmosphere, on land, or water, and is not transformed into heat. The proportion of incoming solar radiation that is reflected by the Earth is known as its albedo.
Global warming occurs when carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air pollutants collect in the atmosphere and absorb sunlight and solar radiation that have bounced off the earth’s surface. Normally this radiation would escape into space, but these pollutants, which can last for years to centuries in the atmosphere, trap the heat and cause the planet to get hotter.
124. Things you can do to decrease global warming include
Reduce the usage of your air conditioner on high
Turn off your light when you are not using them.
Use public transport instead of personal vehicles for transportation.
All of the above
Answer.4. All of the above
Explanation:
Method of reducing global warming
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. …
Walk, Bike
Ride the bus to work
Plant a tree
Add insulation to your walls and attic
Buy a fuel-efficient car (or hybrid vehicle)
Buy local goods and products
Reduce the usage of your air conditioner
125. Excess atmospheric carbon dioxide increases the greenhouse effect as carbon dioxide
Precipitates dust in the atmosphere
Is opaque to infrared rays
Reduces atmospheric pressure
Is heavier than other gases
Answer.2. Is opaque to infrared rays
Explanation:
Excess atmospheric carbon dioxide increases the greenhouse effect as carbon dioxide is opaque to infrared rays.
Water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and other trace gases are opaque to many wavelengths of thermal infrared energy. Normally this radiation would escape into space, but these pollutants, which can last for years to centuries in the atmosphere, trap the heat and cause the planet to get hotter.
126. Which of the following is not a potential adverse effect of global warming?
More extreme weather patterns
Retreat of glaciers
Sea level rise
An increase of UV-B radiation
Answer.1. An increase of UV-B radiation
Explanation:
Effects of Global Warming
More frequent and severe weather.
Higher temperatures are worsening many types of disasters, including storms, heatwaves, floods, and droughts.
Higher death rates.
Dirtier air.
Higher wildlife extinction rates
More acidic oceans
Higher sea levels
Extreme weather patterns
Note:- Climate change indirectly influenced the levels of UV radiation in the past by altering the amounts of ozone, UV-absorbing tropospheric gases, aerosols, and clouds in the atmosphere. These influences will likely continue into the future.
127. Which of the following processes adds to the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
Burning fossil fuels
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Deforestation
Answer.2. Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide naturally. Photosynthesis removes CO2 from the atmosphere and replaces it with O2. Respiration takes O2 from the atmosphere and replaces it with CO2.
128. Which is the only country that has not ratified the Kyoto Protocol yet?
United States
Australia
Japan
India
Answer.1.
Explanation:
Kyoto Protocol is an agreement among countries to take steps for reducing global warming. 192 parties have ratified the Kyoto protocol. The United States has not; it dropped out in 2001.
129. Ozone day is observed on
3rd January
16th September
10th November
26th March
Answer.2. 16th September
Explanation:
In 1994, the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 16 September the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer.
130. The ozone layer is present in
Troposphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Stratosphere
Answer.4. Stratosphere
Explanation:
The ozone layer is the common term for the high concentration of ozone that is found in the stratosphere between 15 and 30km above the earth’s surface.
131. Which one of the following gases can deplete the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere?
Methane
Ammonia
Carbon tetrachloride
Sulfur dioxide
Answer.3. Carbon tetrachloride
Explanation:
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is an ozone-depleting substance, accounting for about 10% of the chlorine in the troposphere. Under the terms of the Montreal Protocol, its production for dispersive uses was banned from 2010.
132. Peeling of the Ozone umbrella, which protects us from UV rays, is caused by
Carbon monoxide
CFCs
Coal-burning
Methane
Answer.2. CFCs
Explanation:
Peeling of the Ozone umbrella, which protects us from UV rays, is caused by CFCs (Chlorofluro carbon)
The main cause of ozone depletion is manufactured chemicals, especially CFCs, these compounds reach the stratosphere by winds, where they release halogen atoms through photodissociation and cause the breakdown of ozone into oxygen.
The ozone hole formed due to this increase in the exposure of direct UV rays on earth carrying the potential risk of skin cancer and other negative effects
133. The formation of holes in Ozone is maximum over
India
Europe
Antarctica
Africa
Answer.3. Antarctica
Explanation:
The depletion of the ozone layer leads to the formation of the ozone hole which is maximum over Antarctica. Ozone holes are formed in Antarctica and these are due to special clouds that form in the stratosphere called polar stratospheric clouds.
134. Increasing skin cancer and high mutation rate is the result of
Global warming
Ozone depletion
Acid rain
Pollution
Answer.2. Ozone depletion
Explanation:
Increasing skin cancer and a high mutation rate are the results of Ozone depletion. Ozone layer depletion causes increased UV radiation levels at the Earth’s surface, which is damaging to human health. Negative effects include increases in certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts and immune deficiency disorders.
135. Which of the following statements about ozone is true?
Ozone is a major constituent of photochemical smog
Ozone is highly reactive
It protects us from harmful UV radiations of sun
All of the above
Answer.3. It protects us from harmful UV radiations of sun
Explanation:
Ozone in the stratosphere protects life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation and is therefore often called ‘good’ ozone. This in contrast to ozone in the troposphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere, where it is an air pollutant and can be harmful to humans, animals and vegetation.
