Intensity Transformation and Spatial Filtering MCQ [Free PDF] – Objective Question Answer for Intensity Transformation and Spatial Filtering Quiz

162. State the statement true or false: “BLPF has sharp discontinuity and ILPF doesn’t, and so ILPF establishes a clear cutoff b/w passed and filtered frequencies”.

A. True
B. False

Answer: B

ILPF has sharp discontinuity and BLPF doesn’t, so BLPF establishes a clear cutoff b/w passed and filtered frequencies.

 

163. A Butterworth filter of what order has no ringing?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Answer: A

A Butterworth filter of order 1 has no ringing and ringing exists for order 2 although is imperceptible. A Butterworth filter of higher-order shows a significant factor of ringing.

 

161. In frequency domain terminology, which of the following is defined as “obtaining a highpass filtered image by subtracting from the given image a lowpass filtered version of itself”?

A. Emphasis filtering
B. Unsharp masking
C. Butterworth filtering
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: B

In frequency domain terminology unsharp masking is defined as “obtaining a highpass filtered image by subtracting from the given image a lowpass filtered version of itself”.

 

162. Which of the following is/ are a generalized form of unsharp masking?

A. Lowpass filtering
B. High-boost filtering
C. Emphasis filtering
D. All of the mentioned

Answer: B

Unsharp masking is defined as “obtaining a highpass filtered image by subtracting from the given image a lowpass filtered version of itself” while high-boost filtering generalizes it by multiplying the input image by a constant, say A≥1.

 

163. High boost filtered image is expressed as fhb = A f(x, y) – for(x, y), where f(x, y) is the input image, A is a constant, and flp(x, y) is the lowpass filtered version of f(x, y). Which of the following fact validates if A=1?

A. High-boost filtering reduces regular Highpass filtering
B. High-boost filtering reduces regular Lowpass filtering
C. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: A

High boost filtered image is modified as: fhb = (A-1) f(x, y) +f(x, y) – flp(x, y)
i.e. fhb = (A-1) f(x, y) + fhp(x, y). So, when A=1, High-boost filtering reduces to regular Highpass filtering.

 

164. High boost filtered image is expressed as fhb = A f(x, y) – flp(x, y), where f(x, y) is the input image, A is a constant and flp(x, y) is the lowpass filtered version of f(x, y). Which of the following fact(s) validates if A increases past 1?

A. The contribution of the image itself becomes more dominant
B. The contribution of the highpass filtered version of the image becomes less dominant
C. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: C

High boost filtered image is modified as: fhb = (A-1) f(x, y) +f(x, y) – flp(x, y)
i.e. fhb = (A-1) f(x, y) + fhp(x, y). So, when A>1, the contribution of the image itself becomes more dominant over the highpass filtered version of the image.

 

165. If, Fhp(u, v)=F(u, v) – Flp(u, v) and Flp(u, v) = Hlp(u, v)F(u, v), where F(u, v) is the image in frequency domain with Fhp(u, v) its highpass filtered version, Flp(u, v) its lowpass filtered component and Hlp(u, v) the transfer function of a lowpass filter. Then, unsharp masking can be implemented directly in the frequency domain by using a filter. Which of the following is the required filter?

A. Hhp(u, v) = Hlp(u, v)
B. Hhp(u, v) = 1 + Hlp(u, v)
C. Hhp(u, v) = – Hlp(u, v)
D. Hhp(u, v) = 1 – Hlp(u, v)

Answer: D

Unsharp masking can be implemented directly in the frequency domain by using a composite filter: Hhp(u, v) = 1 – Hlp(u, v).

 

166. Unsharp masking can be implemented directly in the frequency domain by using a filter: Hhp(u, v) = 1 – Hlp(u, v), where Hlp(u, v) the transfer function of a lowpass filter. What kind of filter is Hhp(u, v)?

A. Composite filter
B. M-derived filter
C. Constant k filter
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: A

Unsharp masking can be implemented directly in the frequency domain by using a composite filter: Hhp(u, v) = 1 – Hlp(u, v).

 

167. If unsharp masking can be implemented directly in the frequency domain by using a composite filter: Hhp(u, v) = 1 – Hlp(u, v), where Hlp(u, v) the transfer function of a lowpass filter. Then, the composite filter for High-boost filtering is __________

A. Hhb(u, v) = 1 – Hhp(u, v)
B. Hhb(u, v) = 1 + Hhp(u, v)
C. Hhb(u, v) = (A-1) – Hhp(u, v), A is a constant
D. Hhb(u, v) = (A-1) + Hhp(u, v), A is a constant

Answer: D

For given composite filter of unsharp masking Hhp(u, v) = 1 – Hlp(u, v), the composite filter for High-boost filtering is Hhb(u, v) = (A-1) + Hhp(u, v).

 

168. The frequency domain Laplacian is closer to which of the following mask?

A. Mask that excludes the diagonal neighbors
B. Mask that excludes neighbors in 4-adjacency
C. Mask that excludes neighbors in 8-adjacency
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: A

The frequency-domain Laplacian is closer to the mask that excludes the diagonal neighbors.

 

169. To accentuate the contribution to enhancement made by high-frequency components, which of the following method(s) should be more appropriate to apply?

A. Multiply the highpass filter by a constant
B. Add an offset to the highpass filter to prevent eliminating zero frequency term by filter
C. All of the mentioned combined and applied
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: C

To accentuate the contribution to enhancement made by high-frequency components, we have to multiply the highpass filter by a constant and add an offset to the highpass filter to prevent eliminating zero frequency term by the filter.

 

170. A process that accentuates the contribution to enhancement made by high-frequency components, by multiplying the highpass filter by a constant and adding an offset to the highpass filter to prevent eliminating zero frequency term by the filter is known as _______

A. Unsharp masking
B. High-boost filtering
C. High-frequency emphasis
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: C

High-frequency emphasis is the method that accentuates the contribution to enhancement made by high-frequency components. In this, we multiply the highpass filter by a constant and add an offset to the highpass filter to prevent eliminating zero frequency term by the filter.

 

171. Which of the following is a transfer function of High-frequency emphasis {Hhfe(u, v)} for Hhp(u, v) being the highpass filtered version of an image?

A. Hhfe(u, v) = 1 – Hhp(u, v)
B. Hhfe(u, v) = a – Hhp(u, v), a≥0
C. Hhfe(u, v) = 1 – b Hhp(u, v), a≥0 and b>a
D. Hhfe(u, v) = a + b Hhp(u, v), a≥0 and b>a

Answer: D

The transfer function of High frequency emphasis is given as:Hhfe(u, v) = a + b Hhp(u, v), a≥0 and b>a.

 

172. The transfer function of High-frequency emphasis is given as Hhfe(u, v) = a + b Hhp(u, v), for Hhp(u, v) being the highpass filtered version of the image, a≥0 and b>a. for certain values of a and b it reduces to High-boost filtering. Which of the following is the required value?

A. a = (A-1) and b = 0,A is some constant
B. a = 0 and b = (A-1),A is some constant
C. a = 1 and b = 1
D. a = (A-1) and b =1,A is some constant

Answer: D

The transfer function of High frequency emphasis is given as: Hhfe(u, v) = a + b Hhp(u, v) and the transfer function for High-boost filtering is Hhb(u, v) = (A-1) + Hhp(u, v), A being some constant. So, for a = (A-1) and b =1, Hhfe(u, v) = Hhb(u, v).

 

173. The transfer function of High frequency emphasis is given as: Hhfe(u, v) = a + b Hhp(u, v), for Hhp(u, v) being the highpass filtered version of image,a≥0 and b>a. What happens when b increases past 1?

A. The high frequency is emphasized
B. The low frequency is emphasized
C. All frequencies are emphasized
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: A

The transfer function of High frequency emphasis is given as: Hhfe(u, v) = a + b Hhp(u, v), for Hhp(u, v) being the highpass filtered version of image,a≥0 and b>a. When b increases past 1, the high frequency is emphasized.

 

174. The transfer function of High frequency emphasis is given as: Hhfe(u, v) = a + b Hhp(u, v), for Hhp(u, v) being the highpass filtered version of image,a≥0 and b>a. When b increases past 1 the filtering process is specifically termed as__________

A. Unsharp masking
B. High-boost filtering
C. Emphasized filtering
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: C

The transfer function of High frequency emphasis is given as: Hhfe(u, v) = a + b Hhp(u, v), for Hhp(u, v) being the highpass filtered version of image,a≥0 and b>a. When b increases past 1, the high frequency is emphasized and so the filtering process is better known as Emphasized filtering.

 

175. Validate the statement “Because of High-frequency emphasis the gray-level tonality due to low-frequency components is not lost”.

A. True
B. False

Answer: A

Because of High-frequency emphasis, the gray-level tonality due to low-frequency components is not lost.

 

176. Which of the following fact is true for an image?

A. An image is the addition of illumination and reflectance component
B. An image is the subtraction of illumination component from reflectance component
C. An image is the subtraction of the reflectance component from the illumination component
D. An image is the multiplication of illumination and reflectance component

Answer: D

An image is expressed as the multiplication of illumination and reflectance components.

 

177. If an image is expressed as the multiplication of illumination and reflectance component i.e. f(x, y)= I (x, y) * r(x, y), then Validate the statement “We can directly use the equation f(x, y)= i(x, y) * r(x, y) to operate separately on the frequency component of illumination and reflectance”.

A. True
B. False

Answer: B

For an image is expressed as the multiplication of illumination and reflectance component i.e. f(x, y)= i(x, y) * r(x, y), the equation can’t be used directly to operate separately on the frequency component of illumination and reflectance because the Fourier transform of the product of two functions is not separable.

 

178. In Homomorphic filtering which of the following operations is used to convert input image to discrete Fourier transformed function?

A. Logarithmic operation
B. Exponential operation
C. Negative transformation
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: A

For an image is expressed as the multiplication of illumination and reflectance component i.e. f(x, y) = i(x, y) * r(x, y), the equation can’t be used directly to operate separately on the frequency component of illumination and reflectance because the Fourier transform of the product of two function is not separable. So, the logarithmic operation is used.I{z(x,y)}=I{ln⁡(f(x,y)) }=I{ln⁡(i(x,y)) }+I{ln⁡(r(x,y))}.

 

179. A class of system that achieves the separation of illumination and reflectance component of an image is termed as __________

A. Base class system
B. Homomorphic system
C. Base separation system
D. All of the mentioned

Answer: B

A homomorphic system is a class of systems that achieves the separation of illumination and reflectance components of an image.

 

180. Which of the following image component is characterized by a slow spatial variation?

A. Illumination component
B. Reflectance component
C. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned

Answer: A

The illumination component of an image is characterized by a slow spatial variation.

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