181. Which of the following image component varies abruptly, particularly at the junction of dissimilar objects?
A. Illumination component
B. Reflectance component
C. Both 1 and 2
D. None of the mentioned
182. The reflectance component of an image varies abruptly, particularly at the junction of dissimilar objects. The characteristic lead to associate illumination with __________
A. The low frequency of Fourier transform of the logarithm of the image
B. The high frequency of Fourier transform of the logarithm of the image
C. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned
183. The illumination component of an image is characterized by a slow spatial variation. The characteristic lead to associate illumination with __________
A. The low frequency of Fourier transform of the logarithm of the image
B. The high frequency of Fourier transform of the logarithm of the image
C. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned
184. If the contribution made by the illumination component of the image is decreased and the contribution of the reflectance component is amplified, what will be the net result?
A. dynamic range compression
B. Contrast enhancement
C. Both 1 and 2
D. None of the mentioned
185. How is negative of an image obtained with intensity levels [0,L-1] with “r” and “s” being pixel values?
A. s = L – 1 + r
B. s = L – 1 – r
C. s = L + 1 + r
D. s = L + 1 + r
186. The general form of log transformations is __________
A. s = c.log(1 + r)
B. s = c+log(1 + r)
C. s = c.log(1 – r)
D. s = c-log(1 – r)
187. Power-law transformations has the basic form of _________ where c and ∆ are constants.
A. s = c + r∆
B. s = c – r∆
C. s = c * r∆
D. s = c / r.∆
188. For what value of the output must the Power-law transformation account for offset?
A. No offset is needed
B. All values
C. One
D. Zero
189. What is Gamma Correction?
A. A Power-law response phenomenon
B. Inverted Intensity curve
C. Light brightness variation
D. None of the Mentioned
190. Which process expands the range of intensity levels in an image so that it spans the full intensity range of the display?
A. Shading correction
B. Contrast sketching
C. Gamma correction
D. None of the Mentioned
191. Highlighting a specific range of intensities of an image is called __________
A. Intensity Matching
B. Intensity Highlighting
C. Intensity Slicing
D. None of the Mentioned
192. Highlighting the contribution made to the total image by specific bits instead of highlighting intensity-level changes is called __________
A. Intensity Highlighting
B. Byte-Slicing
C. Bit-plane slicing
D. None of the Mentioned
193. Which of the following involves reversing the intensity levels of an image?
A. Log Transformations
B. Piecewise Linear Transformations
C. Image Negatives
D. None of the Mentioned
194. Does Piecewise Linear Transformation function involve one of the following?
A. Bit-plane slicing
B. Intensity level slicing
C. Contrast stretching
D. All of the Mentioned
195. What is the set generated using infinite-value membership functions called?
A. Crisp set
B. Boolean set
C. Fuzzy set
D. All of the mentioned
196. Which is the set, whose membership only can be true or false, in bi-values Boolean logic?
A. Boolean set
B. Crisp set
C. Null set
D. None of the mentioned
197. If Z is a set of elements with a generic element z, i.e. Z = {z}, then this set is called _____________
A. Universe set
B. Universe of discourse
C. Derived set
D. None of the mentioned
198. A fuzzy set ‘A’ in Z is characterized by a ____________ that associates with an element of Z, a real number in the interval [0, 1].
A. Grade of membership
B. Generic element
C. Membership function
D. None of the mentioned
199. A fuzzy set is ________ if and only if the membership function is identically zero in Z.
A. Empty
B. Subset
C. Complement
D. None of the mentioned
200. Which of the following is a type of Membership function?
A. Triangular
B. Trapezoidal
C. Sigma
D. All of the mentioned