11. Maximum transit time occurs when the size of the transistor is
a) minimum
b) maximum
c) does not depend on size
d) double
Answer: a
Maximum transit time occurs when the size of the transistor is minimum when Va is approximately 0.
12. The spacing of interconnect is scaled by
a) α
b) 1/α
c) α2
d) 1/α2
Answer: b
Spacing of interconnect, width, and thickness are scaled by 1/α as they are linear dimensions.
13. Cross-section area is scaled by
a) α
b) 1/α
c) α2
d) 1/α2
Answer: d
The cross-section area is scaled by 1/α2 as the area is the product of length and width which are scaled by 1/α.
14. The decrease in device dimension ______ the die size.
a) increases
b) decreases
c) does not affect
d) decreases and then increases
Answer: a
The decrease in device dimension increases the die size and also the levels of integration.
15. The reduction in die size reduces
a) R
b) d
c) L
d) W
Answer: a
The reduction in die size also reduces R and C. Die size depends on both resistor and capacitor.
16. The propagation delay along the optical fiber interconnect can be given as
a) n/Lx
b) nL/c
c) c/nL
d) nc/L
Answer: b
The propagation delay along the optical fiber interconnect can be given as nL/c where n is the refractive index, L is the length of the fiber and c is the speed of light.
17. The breakdown voltage can be reduced by _____ electric field strength.
a) increasing
b) decreasing
c) does not depend
d) exponentially decreasing
Answer: a
The increase in electric field strength lowers the breakdown voltages. The electric field is inversely proportional to the voltage.
18. Greater the switching speed _____ is the more.
a) low
b) more
c) all of the mentioned
d) none of the mentioned
Answer: b
An increase in switching speed increases the noise problems. Switching speed is the rate a which the logic level varies.
19. Substrate concentration is scaled by
a) α
b) 1/α
c) α2
d) 1/α2
Answer: a
Substrate concentration Nb which gives the doping level of the substrate is scaled by α.
20. The increase in operating frequency results in ______ in cross-talk noise.
a) increase
b) decrease
c) no change
d) doubling
Answer: a
The increase in operating frequency and reduction in rise time tr results in the increase of cross-talk noise.
