1. Assume that an image f(x, y) is sampled so that the result has M rows and N columns. If the values of the coordinates at the origin are (x, y) = (0, 0), then the notation (0, 1) is used to signify :
A. Second sample along the first row
B. First sample along the second row
C. First sample along the first row
D. Second sample along the second row
2. The resulting image of sampling and quantization is considered a matrix of real numbers. By what name(s) the element of this matrix array is called __________
A. Image element or Picture element
B. Pixel or Pel
C. All of the mentioned
D. None of the mentioned
3. Let Z be the set of real integers and R the set of real numbers. The sampling process may be viewed as partitioning the x-y plane into a grid, with the center coordinates of each grid being from the Cartesian product Z2, which is a set of all ordered pairs (zi, zj), with zi and zj being integers from Z. Then, f(x, y) is said a digital image if:
A. (x, y) are integers from Z2 and f is a function that assigns a gray-level value (from Z) to each distinct pair of coordinates (x, y)
B. (x, y) are integers from R2 and f is a function that assigns a gray-level value (from R) to each distinct pair of coordinates (x, y)
C. (x, y) are integers from R2 and f is a function that assigns a gray-level value (from Z) to each distinct pair of coordinates (x, y)
D. (x, y) are integers from Z2 and f is a function that assigns a gray-level value (from R) to each distinct pair of coordinates (x, y)
4. Let Z be the set of real integers and R the set of real numbers. The sampling process may be viewed as partitioning the x-y plane into a grid, with the center coordinates of each grid being from the Cartesian product Z2, which is a set of all ordered pairs (zi, zj), with zi and zj being integers from Z. Then, f(x, y) is a digital image if (x, y) are integers from Z2 and f is a function that assigns a gray-level value (that is, a real number from the set R) to each distinct coordinate pair (x, y). What happens to the digital image if the gray levels also are integers?
A. The Digital image then becomes a 2-D function whose coordinates and amplitude values are integers
B. The Digital image then becomes a 1-D function whose coordinates and amplitude values are integers
C. The gray level can never be an integer
D. None of the mentioned
5. The digitization process i.e. the digital image has M rows and N columns, requires decisions about values for M, N, and the number, L, of gray levels allowed for each pixel. The values M and N have to be:
A. M and N have to be a positive integer
B. M and N have to be a negative integer
C. M has to be negative and N has to be a positive integer
D. M has to be positive and N has to be a negative integer
6. The digitization process i.e. the digital image has M rows and N columns, requires decisions about values for M, N, and the number, L, of max gray levels. There are no requirements on M and N, other than that M and N have to be a positive integer. However, the number of gray levels typically is
A. An integer power of 2 i.e. L = 2k
B. A Real power of 2 i.e. L = 2k
C. Two times the integer value i.e. L = 2k
D. None of the mentioned
7. The digitization process i.e. the digital image has M rows and N columns, requires decisions about values for M, N, and for the number, L, of max gray levels is an integer power of 2 i.e. L = 2k, allowed for each pixel. If we assume that the discrete levels are equally spaced and that they are integers then they are in the interval __________ Sometimes the range of values spanned by the grayscale is called the ________ of an image.
A. [0, L – 1] and static range respectively
B. [0, L / 2] and dynamic range respectively
C. [0, L / 2] and static range respectively
D. [0, L – 1] and dynamic range respectively
8. After the digitization process a digital image with M rows and N columns has to be positive and for the number, L, max gray levels i.e. an integer power of 2 for each pixel. Then, the number b, of bits required to store a digitized image is:
A. b=M*N*k
B. b=M*N*L
C. b=M*L*k
D. b=L*N*k
9. An image whose gray levels span a significant portion of the grayscale has __________ dynamic range while an image with a dull, washed-out gray look has __________ dynamic range.
A. Low and High respectively
B. High and Low respectively
C. Both have High dynamic range, irrespective of gray levels span significance on the grayscale
D. Both have Low dynamic range, irrespective of gray levels span significance on the grayscale
10. Validate the statement “When in an Image an appreciable number of pixels exhibit high dynamic range, the image will have high contrast.”
A. True
B. False
11. In the digital image of M rows and N columns and L discrete gray levels, calculate the bits required to store a digitized image for M=N=32 and L=16.
A. 16384
B. 4096
C. 8192
D. 512
12. A continuous image is digitised at _______ points.
A. random
B. vertex
C. contour
D. sampling
13. The transition between continuous values of the image function and its digital equivalent is called ______________
A. Quantisation
B. Sampling
C. Rasterisation
D. None of the Mentioned
14. Images quantised with insufficient brightness levels will lead to the occurrence of ____________
A. Pixillation
B. Blurring
C. False Contours
D. None of the Mentioned
15. The smallest discernible change in intensity level is called ____________
A. Intensity Resolution
B. Contour
C. Saturation
D. Contrast
17. The type of Interpolation where for each new location the intensity of the immediate pixel is assigned is ___________
A. bicubic interpolation
B. cubic interpolation
C. bilinear interpolation
D. nearest neighbor interpolation