1. Microelectronic technology cannot be characterized by
a) minimum feature size
b) power dissipation
c) production cost
d) designing cost
Answer: d
Microelectronic technology can be characterized by minimum feature size, a number of gates on one chip, power dissipation, die size, production cost, etc, and not by design cost.
2. Which model is used for scaling?
a) constant electric scaling
b) constant voltage scaling
c) constant electric and voltage scaling
d) constant current model
Answer: c
The constant electric scaling model and constant voltage scaling model is used for scaling.
3. α is used for the scaling factor for ______
a) linear dimensions
b) vdd
c) oxide thickness
d) nonlinear
Answer: a
α is used as the scaling factor for linear dimensions whereas β is used for supply voltage Vdd, gate oxide thickness, etc.
4. For constant voltage model,
a) α = β
b) α = 1
c) α = 1/β
d) β = 1
Answer: d
For the constant voltage model, β = 1 and 1/β are chosen for the scaling for all voltages.
5. For constant electric field model,
a) β = α
b) α = 1
c) α = 1/β
d) β = 1
Answer: a
The constant electric scaling model and constant voltage scaling model are used for scaling. For constant voltage model, β = α.
In Constant voltage scaling, drain current density and power density are increased which may eventually cause serious reliability problems for the scaled transistor such as electro-migration, hot carrier degradation, oxide breakdown & electrical overstress.
6. Gate area can be given as
a) L/W
b) L × W
c) 2L/W
d) L/2W
Answer: b
Gate area Ag can be given as the product of the length and the width of the channel.
7. Gate area is scaled by
a) α
b) 1/α
c) 1/α2
d) α2
Answer: c
Gate area is given as the product of the length and width of the channel and it can be scaled by 1/α2.
8. gate capacitance per unit area is scaled by
a) α
b) 1
c) 1/β
d) β
Answer: d
Gate capacitance per unit area is scaled by β and this is given by €ox/D.
Gate capacitance is the capacitance of the gate terminal of a field-effect transistor.
It can be expressed as the absolute capacitance of the gate of a transistor, as the capacitance per unit area of integrated circuit technology, or as the capacitance per unit width of minimum-length transistors in a technology.
9. Parasitic capacitance is given by
a) Ax/d
b) Ax × d
c) d/Ax
d) Ax
Answer: a
Parasitic capacitance is given by Ax/d where Ax is the area of the depletion region and d is the depletion width.
Parasitic capacitance or stray capacitance is an unavoidable and usually unwanted capacitance that exists between the parts of an electronic component or circuit simply because of their proximity to each other.
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10. Parasitic capacitance is scaled by
a) β
b) 1/β
c) α
d) 1/α
Answer: d
Parasitic capacitance is scaled by 1/α because area is scaled by 1/α2 and d by 1/α. Thus
(1/α2)/(1/α) we will get 1/α.
Parasitic capacitance or stray capacitance is an unavoidable and usually unwanted capacitance that exists between the parts of an electronic component or circuit simply because of their proximity to each other.
