Wattmeter MCQ || Wattmeter Questions and Answers

Answer.1. Active Power

Explanation:

1. The instrument most commonly used for active power measurement is the wattmeter.
2. It is essentially an inherent combination of an ammeter and a voltmeter and, therefore, consists of two coils known as the current coil and pressure coil.
3. The current coil is inserted in series with the line carrying the current to be measured and the pressure coil in series with a high non-inductive resistance connected across the load or supply terminals.

Answer.3. AC only

Explanation:

The induction type wattmeter can be used to measure a.c. power only in contrast to dynamometer wattmeter which can be used to measure d.c. as well as a.c. power.

The principle of operation of an induction wattmeter is the same as that of an induction ammeter and voltmeter ie. the induction principle.

Answer.2. Q = √3V_LI_Lsinφ

Explanation:

In a two-wattmeter method,

The reading of first wattmeter (W₁) = V_L I_L cos (30 – ϕ)

The reading of second wattmeter (W₂) = V_L I_L cos (30 + ϕ)

Total power in the circuit (P) = W₁ + W₂ = √3 V­­_LI_L cos ϕ

Total reactive power in the circuit

Q = √3(W₁ − W₂) = √3V_LI_Lsinφ

Answer.3. Moving iron instrument

Explanation:

We can use electrostatic instruments to measure voltage and power. These types of wattmeters are used for the measurement of a small amount of power, practically when the voltage is high and the power factor is low.

It is also used for measurement of dielectric loss of cables on alternating voltage and for calibration of wattmeter and energy meters.

Thermocouple instruments are used to measure current, voltage, and power.

We can use the moving iron instrument to measure current and voltage only. It can’t be used to measure power.

Electrodynamic instruments are the most preferred instruments for measurement.

Answer.4. Both 1 and 3

Explanation:

For 3ϕ – 4 wire → neutral is present

2) As per Blondel’s theorem, if neutral is not present for ‘n’ wire system, then the ‘n-1’ number of wattmeter’s are required for ‘n’ wire system.

• The one-wattmeter method is used for the measurement of three-phase power in case balanced loads only
• It is used for both star and delta connected loads
• Two wattmeter method and three wattmeter methods are used for both balanced and unbalanced loads
• Two wattmeter method is best suitable for the three-phase three-wire system and the three wattmeter method is suitable for the three-phase four-wire system

Note: If neutral is available we shouldn’t use a 2- wattmeter method.

Answer.3. Both 1 and 2

Explanation:

There are two principal types of wattmeters

1. Dynamometer wattmeter
2. Induction wattmeter

Dynamometer Wattmeter:- A dynamometer wattmeter is almost universally used for the measurement of d.c. as well 3 as a.c. power. It works on the dynamometer principle i.e. mechanical force exists between two current-carrying conductors or coils.

Induction Wattmeters:-  The induction type wattmeter can be used to measure a.c. power only in contrast to dynamometer wattmeter which can be used to measure d.c. as well as a.c. power. The principle of operation of an induction wattmeter is the same as that of an induction ammeter and voltmeter i.e. induction principle.

Answer.3. 0.866

Explanation:

Given that, W1 = 2 W2

Power factor = cos ϕ

$\phi = {\rm{ta}}{{\rm{n}}^{ – 1}}\left( {\frac{{\sqrt 3 \left( {{W_1} – {W_2}} \right)}}{{{W_1} + {W_2}}}} \right)$

$\tan \phi = \frac{{\sqrt 3 \left( {2{W_2} – {W_2}} \right)}}{{\left( {2{{\rm{W}}_2} + {W_2}} \right)}} = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }}$

⇒ ϕ = 30°

Power factor = cos 30° = 0.866

Answer.4. Power consumed in potential coil

Explanation:

In the compensated wattmeter, a compensating coil having the same number of turns as the current coil is wound on the current coil and is connected in series with the potential coil.

The current in the compensating coil flows in a direction opposite to that of the current in the current coil, and therefore its effect on the wattmeter field is nullified.

In a compensated wattmeter, the readings are corrected for errors due to  Power consumed in the potential coil.

When the potential-coil current flows through the current coil, the wattmeter so connected will read too high by the amount of the power lost in the potential coil.

When the power factor of the load is especially low, the wattmeter reading will be relatively low, and the error introduced by the potential-coil power may be too great to be ignored. In this case, a compensated wattmeter is convenient.

Answer.4. Power consumed by Z2

Explanation:

Wattmeter reads the power and it is given by

P = V_PC I_CC cos ϕ

V_PC is the voltage across the pressure coil

I_CC is current flows through the current coil

ϕ is the phase angle between V_PC and I_CC

Application:

The circuit representation of the given question is shown below.

• The potential coil is connected across Z₂.
• It reads the voltage across Z₂ only.
• So, Wattmeter reads only power consumed by Z₂.

Answer.2. Hall effect

Explanation:

Poynting vector wattmeter used hall effect spiral spring are used in instrument lead the current to moving coil as used as to provide the controlling torque.

When a current flows in a strip of magnetic material in presence of a transverse magnetic field, an emf will be produced between two edges of the strip conductor.

The magnitude of emf depends on the current, flux density, and property of the conductor material. Normally the value of emf is very small and thus amplification is required. Poynting vector wattmeter is an instrument that uses the Hall effect.